Prestressed steel strands are stranded cables made of 2, 3, 7 or 19 high strength steel wires and treated with stress relief (stabilised) for prestressed concrete and similar uses.
The main characteristics of prestressed steel strand are high strength and good relaxation, in addition, when unfolded, it is relatively straight. The common tensile strength class is 1860 mpa, and there are 1720, 1770, 1960, 2000, 2100 mpa and so on. The yield strength of this steel is also very high.
Prestressed steel strand is mainly made of cold-drawn carbon steel with trace phosphide and lubricant residues on the surface.
Especially high strength (such as 2300 mpa) requires the addition of alloy elements such as chromium, zinc plated high strength products can improve the silicon content.
Part of the prestressed steel strand made of carbon steel has coating materials on the surface, such as zinc, zinc aluminum alloy, epoxy resin, grease and high density polyethylene sheath. Stainless steel can also be used for prestressed steel strand, using high strength duplex stainless steel.
Prestressed steel strand is mainly used for posttensioning and pretensioning concrete engineering.
Die drawn steel strand is mainly used in lifting works, but also used in nuclear power projects.
The large diameter steel strand of 19 wire is often used for mine tunnel support anchor cable.
Unbonded prestressed steel strand is often used in building floor slab and some rock anchor cable.
Galvanized steel strand is often used in bridge tie rods, cables and external prestressing engineering.
Epoxy coated steel strands are similar in use to galvanized prestressed steel strands and are suitable for projects requiring high durability.
The main standards in China are:
GB/T 5224-2014 Steel strands for prestressed concrete (under revision in 2021)
GB/T 33363-2016 prestressed hot dip galvanized steel strand
GB/T 21073-2007 Epoxy coated steel strand wires
JG/T 161-2016 Unbonded prestressed steel strand
Foreign standards are as follows:
ASTM A416 / A416M-18 7-wire Steel strand for prestressed Concrete
British BS 5896:2012
Japan's JIS G3536
The European Union EN 10138-3
Anz the AS/NZS 4672
Brazil NBR - 7483
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